Microbioma is a group of all microorganisms associated with several tissues: skin, respiratory, gastrointestinal and vaginal tract. Disbiosis is a change in normal microbiota balance which reduces the nutrients absorption capacity and causes vitamin deficiency. Disbiosis is associated with a number of gastrointestinal as well as extraintestinal diseases. The era of probiotics began over a century ago. The term probiotic should be reserved only for microorganisms that potentially benefit the human health. A probiotic strain is identified by the genus, species, subspecies and an alphanumeric designation that identifies a specific strain. Some strains will have unique properties that may account for certain neurological, immunological and antimicrobial activities. Prebiotics are selectively fermented substances of carbohydrates that cause specific changes in the system and/or activity of the gut microbiota and contribute to the halth of the host. A product that contains probiotics and prebiotics is called a synbiotic.

Key words:
mikrobiota; disbioza; probiotik; prebiotic; sinbiotik